What is the exact meaning of the term pH ?

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pH as a term was coined by Sorensen in 1909. He described the concentration of hydrogen ion as a logarithmic scale which he called “Pondus Hydrogeni” or the exponent of hydrogen. pH is a quantitative unit of measure which describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity...

What does the term junction potential mean

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This is the portion of the total observed potential difference between the measuring and reference electrode that is formed at the liquid / liquid junction between the reference electrode filling solution and the test sample. The contribution of the liquid junction...

How are pH values measured?

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pH is a potentiometric measurement where the electrode used produces an electrical signal which the pH meter converts to a pH reading. The signal produced and measured is a voltage and since voltage is a potential difference, two potentials are needed to make a...

What affect does junction potential have on pH readings

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The flow rate of electrolyte from the reference electrode into the sample is affected by the design of the electrode diaphragm. Low or irregular flow rates may cause variation in the liquid junction potential which will result in erroneous readings. This is why it is...

How can the pH of a non-aqueous liquid be measured

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The pH scale is defined in terms of hydrogen ion activity in aqueous solution and is not therefore strictly applicable to pH measurement in non-aqueous systems. If measurements are to be performed in non-aqueous liquids, there are several problems which may be...

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